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Tricks and Traps of C++
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"Tricks and Traps of C++
C++ is only mostly upwards compatible with ANSI C and with existing C practice. This section explains the major differences.
The following complete program compiles in C but does not compile in C++. Explain why.
Foo.cpp:
int main() { return atoi("0"); }
All functions must be declared before use. Function prototypes for forward declared functions are required in C++ . The prototype for atoi() has not been declared.
In C++ the following code is incorrect. Explain why.
// a.cpp:
extern int iO
int iO;
// b.cpp:
extern int iO
extern int iO
int iO//
In C++, an object can only be defined once across all translation units . At link-time the program generates a multiple definition error. The definition
int iO;
is present in both a.cpp and b.cpp. So the variable iO is defined more than once. The declaration
extern int iO;
may be present multiple times.
The following C code is incorrect. Explain why.
void f(i, j)
int i, j; { } // error
Old style K&R function formal argument declarations are illegal in C++ . Use the new ANSI C function argument declaration syntax instead.
The following complete program runs in C but does not compile in C++. Explain why.
int f(); int main() { return f(1); } // error
In C++, a function declaration with an empty parameter list declares the function to accept no arguments. (In C, it declares the function to accept unspecified arguments.)
extern void* alloc(size_t);
int* p = alloc(sizeof(*p));
C++ does not provide implicit conversions from void* to int* (or Object*)
, To correct the problem issue:
int* q = (int*)alloc(sizeof(*q));
The following program compiles in C, but does not compile in C++. Explain why.
enum Colour { red, green, blue };
Colour colour = red;
colour = colour + 1;
C++ does not provide implicit conversion from int to an enum type.
To correct the problem is"
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